The tudors wikipedia

Visit 4Viewers. Series 1. A young King Henry VIII has little interest in state affairs, making him ripe for exploitation. But when his desire for a male heir starts to take …

Francis Dereham as played by Allen Leech. Francis Dereham, a young gentleman of birth and substance, was one of the Duke of Norfolk's gentlemen-pensioners ( a liveried retainer). He was …The Tudor Rose is a nightclub, live music venue and former cinema in Southall, Ealing, London. The premises opened in 1910 as the Southall Electric Theatre, and renamed to the Gem Cinema the following year, with a 500 capacity. A balcony was added in 1929, increasing the capacity to 758. It was renamed Century Cinema in 1955 and closed two … Tudor period. The Tudor period usually refers to the period between 1485 and 1603, specifically in relation to the history of England. This was the period when the Tudor dynasty ruled in England. Its first monarch was Henry VII (1457– 1509). The term is often used more broadly to include Elizabeth I 's reign (1558– 1603), although this is ... ABOUT PERDITA WEEKS. as MARY BOLEYN. Date of Birth: 25th December 1985. Birth Place: Cardiff, Wales. Eye Color: Height: 5'4" (1.63 m) Family :sister - Honeysuckle Weeks (actress) & brother - Rollo Weeks (actor), Parents - Robin & Susan Weeks. Education: Studied Art History at the Courtauld Institute in London. Actor Bio: "As long as His Majesty is sick, I will move my bed to his chambers, the better to look after him." - Katherine Parr explaining she will look after her royal husband when he is sick. Catherine Parr, sometimes spelled as Katherine Parr, is the sixth and final wife of Henry Tudor VIII from 12 July 1543 to 28 January 1547, and ruled as queen regent from July to September 1544. Katherine was ...

The Mary Tudor pearl or simply The Tudor pearl is an asymmetrical drop-shaped pearl featured in at least three portraits of Queen Mary I of England and estimated to be 64.5 carats, 258 grains in weight and dated to 1526. It is often mistakenly depicted as the La Peregrina pearl, however, Mary Tudor could never have worn the Peregrina as it was …The Tudors är en kanadensisk/irländsk dramaserie från 2007 som hade premiär i Sverige den 6 februari 2008. TV-seriens manus är skrivet av Michael Hirst. Handlingen är mycket löst baserad på den engelske kungen Henrik VIII:s regeringstid under 1500-talet. Avvikelser från historiska fakta. Serien tar osedvanligt stora … born c. 1505/1514- died 23 November 1585. Character's Backstory: *This is a fictional character based loosely on a historical one*. In actual history, Thomas Tallis served the Royal Chapel as organist and composer during the reigns of Henry VIII, Edward VI, Mary I, and Elizabeth I. Social Status: Commoner. The Tudors is a historical fiction television series set primarily in sixteenth-century England, produced for Showtime. Featured Article. The Tudors was nominated for the Golden Globe for Best Drama Series in 2007. Jonathan Rhys Meyers was also nominated for the Best Actor in a Television Drama Golden Globe for his role. Tudor was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He studied piano with Irma Wolpe and composition with Stefan Wolpe and became known as one of the leading performers of avant garde piano music. He gave the first American performance of the Piano Sonata No. 2 by Pierre Boulez in 1950, and a European tour in 1954 greatly enhanced his reputation.Elizabeth I (7 September 1533 – 24 March 1603) was Queen of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death in 1603. She was the last monarch of ...Owen Tudor. Sir Owen Tudor (Welsh: Owain ap Maredudd ap Tudur, c. 1400 – 2 February 1461) was a Welsh courtier and the second husband of Queen Catherine of Valois (1401–1437), widow of King Henry V of England. He was the grandfather of Henry VII, founder of the Tudor dynasty .

C. J. Tudor is a British author whose books include The Chalk Man and The Hiding Place (The Taking of Annie Thorne). She was born in Salisbury, England but grew up in Nottingham, where she still lives. The Chalk Man. The Chalk Man was published in January 2018 by Crown Publishing. Reviews were mixed. The Sun said "[Tudor] weaves a …From 1945, la Société anonyme Accumulateurs Tudor became one of the main starter batteries suppliers for the automotive industry. In 1948 the capital of the company was increased to 30 million Francs. During the fifties, the traction battery market expanded considerably following the needs for reconstruction and …The reign of Henry Tudor, also known as Henry VII, had a profound impact on art and culture in Renaissance England. As the first monarch of the Tudor dynasty, Henry Tudor brought s...Os monarcas Tudor governaram o Reino da Inglaterra e seus reinos, incluindo seu país de Gales ancestral e o senhorio da Irlanda (mais tarde o Reino da Irlanda) ... Henry William Dalgliesh Cavill (/ ˈ k æ v əl / KAV-əl; born 5 May 1983) is a British actor.He is known for his portrayal of Charles Brandon in Showtime's The Tudors (2007–2010), DC Comics character Superman in the DC Extended Universe (2013–2023), Geralt of Rivia in the Netflix fantasy series The Witcher (2019–2023), and Sherlock Holmes in the Netflix film Enola Holmes (2020) and its ... Website. www .torrancecoombs .com. Torrance Coombs (born June 14, 1983) is a Canadian actor. He is perhaps best known for his roles as Thomas Culpepper in The Tudors (2007–2010) and as Sebastian "Bash" de Poitiers, the illegitimate son of King Henry II of France and his chief mistress Diane de Poitiers in Reign (2013–2017) and Declan in The ...

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Marie Ire , également connue sous le nom de Marie Tudor, née le 18 février 1516 et morte le 17 novembre 1558 , est la première reine régnante d'Angleterre ..."The Tudors (1485–1603) and the Stuarts (1603–1714)" (PDF). The official website of the British Monarchy "The Hanoverians (1714–1837)" (PDF). The official website of the British Monarchy "Saxe-Coburg & Gotha (1837–1917) and the Windsors (1917 – Present Day)" (PDF). The official website of the British Monarchy. Archived from …The following pages on the English Wikipedia use this file (pages on other projects are not listed):. Cultural depictions of Philip II of Spain · Early modern ...Henry VII (28 January 1457 – 21 April 1509) was King of England and Lord of Ireland from his seizure of the crown on 22 August 1485 until his death in 1509.

Women of the Tudor period, a category for women who were of significance in Tudor controlled lands from 1485 – 1603. See also: female members of the House of Tudor. See also the preceding Category:Women of medieval England and the succeeding Category:Women of the Stuart period.سمي المسلسل على اسم سلالة تيودور، ومبني على عهد الملك هنري الثامن لكن بأضافة أحداث خيالية له. أسرة تيودور. The Tudors. التعليق, الملك هنري الثامن وخلفه زوجاته ...The Tudors Wiki is a FANDOM TV Community. View Mobile Site Follow on IG ... Anne of Cleves to Lady Margaret Bryan after marrying King Henry . Anne of Cleves ( German: Anna von Kleve) is the fourth wife of king Henry VIII and the fourth woman to become Queen Consort of England during Henry's reign. A German princess, she is the second of his wives after Catalina of Aragon to be born outside England and to be married for ... The Tudor period usually refers to the period between 1485 and 1603, specifically in relation to the history of England. This was the period when the Tudor dynasty ruled in England. … 1 April 2007. ( 2007-04-01) –. 20 Juni 2010. ( 2010-6-20) The Tudors adalah sebuah serial televisi fiksi sejarah Britania-Irlandia-Kanada yang utamanya berlatar belakang Inggris pada abad keenam belas, yang disebut oleh Michael Hirst dan diproduksi untuk saluran televisi kabel premium Amerika Showtime. Meskipun judulnya dinamai dengan nama ... The patriarch of the powerful Howard family , he is never referred to by his actual name, but is simply called 'Your Grace' or 'Norfolk'. He is played by Canadian actor Henry Czerny in Season One, a main character. An arrogant but intelligent and highly ambitious nobleman, Norfolk works relentlessly with his brother-in-law Lord Thomas Boleyn to ...The following pages on the English Wikipedia use this file (pages on other projects are not listed):. Cultural depictions of Philip II of Spain · Early modern ...The Tudor Consort is a specialist early choral group based in Wellington, New Zealand. Depending on the repertoire the group can range in size from 5 to 25 members. The group was formed in 1986 by Simon Ravens with the intention of performing lesser-known choral music from the late Medieval and Renaissance …Season One of The Tudors began in 2007. It chronicles the life of the infamous King of England, Henry VIII, and takes place in the sixteenth century- focusing on his relationship with his unpopular Chief Minister …Lady Mary Tudor (16 October 1673 – 5 November 1726), by marriage Countess of Derwentwater, was an actress and biological daughter of King Charles II of England by his mistress, Mary "Moll" Davies, an actress and singer. Biography Early life and title Arms of Lady Mary Tudor: Royal Arms of Charles II the whole within a bordure a bordure …

Tudor, California, unincorporated community, United States. Tudor, Mombasa, Kenya. The Tudors, a TV series. Tudor domain, in molecular biology. Tudor rose, the traditional floral heraldic emblem of England. Avro Tudor, a type of aeroplane. Tudor, a name for two-door sedan body used by some manufacturers. Tudor batteries, a brand of batteries.

Prince Edward Tudor is the son of King Henry VIII and Jane Seymour the current ruler of England, and the youngest of Henry's three legitimate children. He would eventually succeed his father as King, but was not of age and therefore had his uncle Earl Edward Seymour serving as Lord Protector. He appears in Season Three as an infant and in Season Four as a young boy. Edward is first shown in ... tudorwatch.com. Montres Tudor SA, or simply Tudor, is a Swiss watchmaker based in Geneva, Switzerland. Registered in 1926 by Hans Wilsdorf, founder of Rolex, the brand remains a sister company to Rolex; both companies are owned by the Hans Wilsdorf Foundation. Tudor was initially known for watches produced for the military and professional divers. Anne of Cleves to Lady Margaret Bryan after marrying King Henry . Anne of Cleves ( German: Anna von Kleve) is the fourth wife of king Henry VIII and the fourth woman to become Queen Consort of England during Henry's reign. A German princess, she is the second of his wives after Catalina of Aragon to be born outside England and to be married for ... The Tudors of 1951 repeated the feat of the Boomerangs of 1948 and finished bottom of the National League. One bright spot was Arthur Forrest, a local rider who was the product of the Monday night training school, finished third in the 1956 world final. With the decreasing attendances it was not a surprise that at the end of the …Tudor, California, unincorporated community, United States. Tudor, Mombasa, Kenya. The Tudors, a TV series. Tudor domain, in molecular biology. Tudor rose, the traditional floral heraldic emblem of England. Avro Tudor, a type of aeroplane. Tudor, a name for two-door sedan body used by some manufacturers. Tudor batteries, a brand of batteries.See also: The Tudors Cast | The Tudors Episode Guide. <<Back to The Tudors Characters. Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk as played by Henry Cavill. born c. 1484 - died August 22, 1545. Character's backstory: His father was William Brandon, Henry VII's standard bearer at Bosworth Field in 1485 and was reportedly killed by Richard III himself. Lucas Horenbout, pioneer of the portrait miniature, King's Painter from 1531 until his death in 1544. Anthony Toto and Bartolommeo Penni. Hans Holbein the Younger, spent many years on two visits, painting the best portraits of the Tudor period. Levina Teerlinc, miniaturist and lady-in-waiting.

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The House of Tudor (/ ˈ tj uː d ər /) was an English and Welsh dynasty that held the throne of England from 1485 to 1603. They descended …"The Tudors" zugrăveste în culori vii viața lui Henric al VIII-lea, introducându-ne în atmosfera Curții în primii ani de domnie, când regele era tânăr. Henric ...Facebook is testing a new feature that aims to keep users inside its platform when they’re looking for factual information they would otherwise turn to Google or Wikipedia to find....Peter Compton (1523 – 1544 [7] ), the eldest son and heir, aged six at his father's death, became the ward of cardinal Thomas Wolsey. [1] He married Anne, daughter of George Talbot, 4th Earl of Shrewsbury and by her, had a son, Henry who was created Baron Compton by Elizabeth I. Henry's son, William was made Earl of …Cardinal Wolsey. Cardinal Thomas Wolsey was the archbishop of York and the bishop of Winchester; who was king Henry Tudor VIII 's most trusted and powerful advisor, holding the title of Lord Chancellor. He proves Henry's most valuable counselor for the early years of his reign, but draws hatred from the nobility for his arrogance and his common ...Lord Thomas Darcy, Baron de Darcy was a nobleman who joined the Northern Catholic rebellion known as the "Pilgrimage of Grace" that occurred in Season Three of The Tudors. He is played by Irish actor Colm Wilkinson. When the rebellion is crushed, Darcy is executed along with all its' leaders. In episode 3.02, Darcy is …In fiction. Margaret Shelton is the narrator in Jean Bruller ( Vercors )' 1985 book Anne Boleyn (originally written in French), in which Anne Boleyn is presented as a far-sighted English patriot, who strove to make England strong and independent by ending its dependence on the Catholic Church and building up its navy. William Catesby. 25 August 1485. Chancellor of the Exchequer and Speaker of the House of Commons for King Richard III. Executed in Leicester after the Battle of Bosworth Field . Humphrey Stafford. 8 July 1486. Executed for leading the Stafford and Lovell rebellion . Joan Boughton. 28 April 1494. ….

Los Tudor ( The Tudors) es una serie de televisión, basada en el reinado de Enrique VIII de Inglaterra, con Jonathan Rhys-Meyers en el papel principal. Se estrenó el 1 de abril de 2007 en el canal de pago Showtime y posteriormente se retransmitió en Iberoamérica por People+Arts, Mega Plus de Chile y en España por Canal+ primero, y ...Casa Tudor este descendentă pe linia mamei lui Henric al VII-lea al Angliei, din John Beaufort, primul Conte de Somerset, unul dintre copiii nelegitimi ai ...From 1945, la Société anonyme Accumulateurs Tudor became one of the main starter batteries suppliers for the automotive industry. In 1948 the capital of the company was increased to 30 million Francs. During the fifties, the traction battery market expanded considerably following the needs for reconstruction and …Tudor food and drink. Tudor food is the food consumed during the Tudor period of English history, from 1485 through 1603. A common source of food during the Tudor period was …Dublin, Ireland. Occupation. actress. Years active. 2005–present. Height. 5 ft 6 in (168 cm) Joanne King (born 20 April 1983) is an Irish actress. She played Cynthia 'Cyd' Pyke on the BBC One hospital drama Casualty and Jane Boleyn, Viscountess Rochford in the Showtime 2007 - 2010 series The Tudors . The Tudors in Love is a history of the Tudor period in England with a focus on the royal members of the House of Tudor and their romantic relationships. [1] Gristwood argues that much of the justification for Tudor rule in Europe was based on their relationships and " courtly love ," tracing the idea back more than 300 years. [2] Emmanuel Leconte. Emmanuel Leconte (born 11 October 1982; Paris, France) is a French actor best known for his role as King Francis I in the television hit series The Tudors. He has also starred in: Monsieur Max (2007), La Ravisseuse (2005), and À tout de suite (2004). Emmanuel is the son of French director and producer, Daniel Leconte.Sir Anthony Knivert has been a longtime friend of King Henry. He is played by Callum Blue in Season One. At the start of the 1st series he has no title and is common-born, but Henry bestowed a knighthood on him after Anthony survived a brutal jousting match aginst the king where they both almost killed each other. He …Die Tudors (Original: The Tudors) ist eine Fernsehserie mit historischem Hintergrund und vielen fiktionalen Elementen, die von dem britischen Drehbuchautor Michael Hirst erdacht und geschrieben wurde. Die Serie basiert frei auf den Ereignissen während der Regierungszeit des englischen Monarchen Heinrich VIII .The Oxford Book of Tudor Anthems is a collection of vocal scores of music from the Tudor era of England (c.1550-1625). It was published in 1978 by Oxford University Press and was compiled by the organist and publisher Christopher Morris (1922-2014), the editor of OUP who also was involved with the popular Carols for Choirs series of books in the … The tudors wikipedia, House of Tudor. Father, Henry VII. Mother, Elizabeth of York. Henry VIII increased the power of the monarchy and government over the country. Many people he did ..., In Theaters At Home TV Shows. This Showtime drama focuses on the early years of King Henry VIII's nearly 40-year reign (1509-1547) of England. The series looks at Henry's …, Mary Tudor, Queen of France ... For other people named Mary Tudor, see Mary Tudor. Mary Tudor (/ˈtjuːdər/; 18 March 1496 – 25 June 1533) was an English princess ..., The Tudor navy carrack Henry Grace à Dieu (launched 1514) as depicted in the 1546 Anthony Roll. The Tudor navy was the navy of the Kingdom of England under the ruling Tudor dynasty (1485–1603). The period involved important and critical changes that led to the establishment of a permanent navy and laid the foundations for the future Royal Navy . , From 1945, la Société anonyme Accumulateurs Tudor became one of the main starter batteries suppliers for the automotive industry. In 1948 the capital of the company was increased to 30 million Francs. During the fifties, the traction battery market expanded considerably following the needs for reconstruction and …, In the age of digital information, Wikipedia has become a household name. It has revolutionized the way people access and consume knowledge. However, traditional encyclopedias have..., William Brereton was a groom in the service of Henry VIII. Secretly a devout Catholic, he was initially recruited by the Papacy and the Holy Roman Emperor to assasinate Anne Boleyn; after two failed attempts, he was ordered to halt. He was later accused of comitting adultery with the Queen in Cromwell's plot against her, and beheaded., Casa Tudor este descendentă pe linia mamei lui Henric al VII-lea al Angliei, din John Beaufort, primul Conte de Somerset, unul dintre copiii nelegitimi ai ..., The Tudors Wiki is a FANDOM TV Community. Sir Thomas Seymour is the younger brother of Edward and Jane Seymour. While considerably less cruel and cold-natured than his eldest brother, Thomas is nonetheless ambitious, aggressive and unscrupulous; he has an impulsive streak and a short temper. He is played by English actor Andrew McNair..., The Tudor era witnessed the most sweeping religious changes in England since the arrival of Christianity, which affected every aspect of national life. Tudors: War The Tudor …, Tudor Navy Ensign 1485–1603 The Tudor navy carrack Henry Grace à Dieu (launched 1514) as depicted in the 1546 Anthony Roll. The Tudor navy was the navy of the Kingdom of England under the ruling Tudor dynasty (1485–1603). The period involved important and critical changes that led to the establishment of a permanent navy and laid the …, Anne of Cleves to Lady Margaret Bryan after marrying King Henry . Anne of Cleves ( German: Anna von Kleve) is the fourth wife of king Henry VIII and the fourth woman to become Queen Consort of England during Henry's reign. A German princess, she is the second of his wives after Catalina of Aragon to be born outside England and to be married for ... , The Tudors Wiki is a FANDOM TV Community. View Mobile Site Follow on IG ... , 1 April 2007. ( 2007-04-01) –. 20 Juni 2010. ( 2010-6-20) The Tudors adalah sebuah serial televisi fiksi sejarah Britania-Irlandia-Kanada yang utamanya berlatar belakang Inggris pada abad keenam belas, yang disebut oleh Michael Hirst dan diproduksi untuk saluran televisi kabel premium Amerika Showtime. Meskipun judulnya dinamai dengan nama ... , Francis, Dauphin of Viennois (ex-fiancé) Henry, Duke of Orléans (ex-fiancé) I will never forgive myself". — Princess Mary. Mary Tudor is the princess of of England, and the only surviving child of Henry Tudor VIII and Catherine of Aragon, as well as the oldest of Henry's three surviving children; notably, she is the only female character ..., Season Four of The Tudors is the final season of the show and focuses on Henry's last years, and his marriages to his last two wives Catherine Howard and Catherine Parr. It was aired in 2010. The fourth and final season covers Henry's ill-fated marriage to Catherine Howard and his final, more congenial, marriage to Catherine Parr. The ageing King seeks military glory by capturing Boulogne ... , The magnificent jewels and costume worn by Margaret Tudor on her journey to Scotland and reception at Holyrood Palace were described in general terms by the English herald John Young. [1] She attended mass at York Cathedral dressed in cloth of gold with a collar of precious stones and a girdle of fine gold with a chain …, Margaret Tudor ... Margaret Tudor (født 29. november 1489 i London, død oktober 1541 i Methven Castle i Perthshire i Skottland) var den eldste av de to døtrene av ..., The Tudors in Love is a history of the Tudor period in England with a focus on the royal members of the House of Tudor and their romantic relationships. [1] Gristwood argues that much of the justification for Tudor rule in Europe was based on their relationships and " courtly love ," tracing the idea back more than 300 years. [2] , The hit Showtime television series, The Tudors, that aired from 2007-2010 may have created some sense of familiarity with the characters who brought to life the historical period overlapping the Italian High Renaissance and the Protestant Reformation–but don’t depend on this TV series for the facts. As executive producer …, Tudor dynasty. The Tudor dynasty was a series of kings and queens of England. This line of rulers started in 1485 and lasted until 1603. The dynasty started when Henry Tudor defeated Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth Field. This was the final stage of the Wars of the Roses and made him King Henry VII of England. , Thomas Cranmer. Thomas Cranmer is the Archbishop of Canterbury during most of Season Two of The Tudors (the position traditionally considered Head of the Church of England). Although initially he seems to be a nervous, self-depracating nonentity who toadies to his patrons, Cranmer is gradually shown to be a fervent supporter and …, Transmissão original. 1 de abril de 2007 – 20 de junho de 2010. The Tudors é uma série de drama baseada na história do rei Henrique VIII da Inglaterra. A série foi criada por Michael Hirst, e era exibida nos Estados Unidos pelo canal Showtime. Em Portugal, é exibida pela RTP1, pelo MOV e pela SIC Caras . , Lady Jane Boleyn (nee Parker) Viscountess Rochford is the ill-fated wife (and later widow) of George Boleyn, Lord of Rochford, in The Tudors. She is played by Irish actress Joanne King in a recurring role in Seasons 2 through 4. She is a servant to five of Henry's wives (Catherine of Aragon, Anne Boleyn, Jane Seymour, Anne of Cleves and Catherine Howard) before she is finally beheaded in ... , William Brereton was a groom in the service of Henry VIII. Secretly a devout Catholic, he was initially recruited by the Papacy and the Holy Roman Emperor to assasinate Anne Boleyn; after two failed attempts, he was ordered to halt. He was later accused of comitting adultery with the Queen in Cromwell's plot against her, and beheaded., TV.com 介绍. 《 都鐸王朝 》（英語： The Tudors ）是一套在2007年首播的 英國 歷史電視劇，由 米高·赫斯 原創，在美國有線頻道 Showtime 播出，共四季。. 此劇以 英格蘭 國王 亨利八世 的統治期為藍本，描述他在治理國家和處理與歐洲其他國家及 羅馬教廷 的關係之 ... , A Chronicle of England During the Reigns of the Tudors, From A.D. 1485 to 1559, better known as Wriothesley's Chronicle, was written during the reigns of Henry VIII, Edward VI, Mary I and Elizabeth I, by Charles Wriothesley, officer of arms at the College of Arms in London. This chronicle of English affairs, detailing the …, Tudor Gates (2 January 1930 – 11 January 2007) was an English screenwriter, playwright and trade unionist. Biography. Gates was involved in stage management by the early 1950s, and began scriptwriting in his spare time. After The Guv'nor was broadcast on television in 1956, he took to writing full-time., Los Tudor ( The Tudors) es una serie de televisión, basada en el reinado de Enrique VIII de Inglaterra, con Jonathan Rhys-Meyers en el papel principal. Se estrenó el 1 de abril de 2007 en el canal de pago Showtime y posteriormente se retransmitió en Iberoamérica por People+Arts, Mega Plus de Chile y en España por Canal+ primero, y ..., Henry expressing his anger to Anne Boleyn . Henry VIII was the second monarch of House of Tudor and the king of England, famous for having six wives and for breaking the Church of England from Catholicism; he is the central character of The Tudors and other than Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk, is the only character to appear in all episodes., Francis Bryan. Sir Francis Bryan as played by Alan Van Sprang. Soldier, Sailor, Poet, Translator, Diplomat. born c. 1490 - died February 2, 1550. Character's backstory: Came to court at a young age but was removed due to Cardinal Thomas Wolsey 's influence. He returned in 1528 as a member of the Privy chamber probably due in part to his cousin ..., Tudor · Huis Tudor, een Engels koningshuis · Tudor (kasteel), een kasteel in Brugge · Tudorstijl, een Engelse bouwstijl uit de regeringstijd van de Tudors ..., Episode two: The Thinkynge Revolution. One night in 1572 the Elizabethan astronomer Thomas Diggs saw a bright new star in the sky. It was a real shock; it shouldn't have been there. The Tudors believed that heaven, where God lived, was perfect and unchanging, and the appearance of this bright new star completely undermined their whole system of ...